英语介词第八讲
介词第八讲
between, among, across, along, through
我们来学习第六组介词:between, among, across, along, through。这组词主要描述物体之间的位置关系和动态移动,理解它们的核心画面感非常重要。
词义深度解析
1. between
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词源解析:
be(处于) +tween(源自古英语twain,意为“二”)。字面意思就是“处于二者之中”。 -
核心含义: 在两者之间。它强调的是明确、独立的个体之间的关系。
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详细用法与例句:
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表示空间、时间、范围: 在两个明确的点之间。
- The baby is sleeping between his parents.
宝宝睡在他父母的中间。 - The shop is open between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m.
这家商店的营业时间是上午9点到下午5点。 - She weighs between 55 and 60 kilograms.
她的体重在55到60公斤之间。
- The baby is sleeping between his parents.
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表示关系、联系、选择:
- This is a secret between you and me.
这是你我之间的秘密。 - You have to choose between going to college and finding a job.
你必须在读大学和找工作之间做出选择。
- This is a secret between you and me.
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特殊用法(三者或以上): 当这三个或以上的个体是各自独立、关系明确时,也可以用
between。- The treaty was signed between the three countries.
该条约是在这三个国家之间签订的。(强调每个国家之间的双边关系) - There are regular flights between London, Paris, and New York.
在伦敦、巴黎和纽约之间有固定航班。(强调任意两点间的航线)
- The treaty was signed between the three countries.
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2. among
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词源解析:
among来自古英语,意为“在一群人中”。可以谐音记忆为“茫”,想象“在茫茫人海中”。 -
核心含义: 在三者或三者以上的人或物之中。它强调的是被一个群体所包围,个体身份不那么突出。
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详细用法与例句:
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表示位置: 在…(群体)中间
- I saw a familiar face among the crowd.
我在人群中看到了一个熟悉的面孔。 - The small cottage is hidden among the trees.
那座小木屋隐藏在树林中。
- I saw a familiar face among the crowd.
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表示分配: 在…(群体)中分配
- He divided the cake among the kids.
他把蛋糕分给了孩子们。
- He divided the cake among the kids.
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表示“其中之一”或“作为…的一员”:
- He is among the greatest writers of his generation.
他是他那一代人中最伟大的作家之一。 - Don’t worry, you are among friends now.
别担心,你现在和朋友们在一起(你是我们中的一员)。
- He is among the greatest writers of his generation.
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3. across
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词源解析:
a+cross(十字)。想象画一个十字,有一条线横穿另一条线。 -
核心含义: 横过,穿过(一个平面或表面);在…的对面。
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详细用法与例句:
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表示动态的“横穿”: 从一侧到另一侧(在表面上移动)。
- Be careful when you walk across the road.
过马路时要小心。 - He swam across the river.
他游过了河。
- Be careful when you walk across the road.
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表示静态的“在对面”:
- The library is just across the road from the post office.
图书馆就在邮局的对面。
- The library is just across the road from the post office.
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表示“遍及”: 覆盖整个区域。
- His fame has spread across the whole country.
他的名声传遍了全国。
- His fame has spread across the whole country.
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表示身体动作:
- She folded her arms across her chest.
她双臂交叉抱在胸前。
- She folded her arms across her chest.
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4. along
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词源解析:
a+long(长的)。可以想象“沿着一条长长的东西”。 -
核心含义: 沿着…,顺着…。它强调的是与某个线条(如道路、河流、海岸线)平行的移动或排列。
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详细用法与例句:
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表示移动方向: 沿着…走
- We had a romantic walk along the beach at sunset.
我们在日落时分沿着海滩浪漫地散步。 - Go along this road and you’ll find the station.
沿着这条路走,你就能找到车站。
- We had a romantic walk along the beach at sunset.
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表示位置: 沿着…分布
- There are beautiful trees planted along the river.
沿河种着美丽的树。
- There are beautiful trees planted along the river.
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常用短语:
- along with: 和…一起(= together with)
- You can take him along with you. 你可以把他一起带上。
- come along: 过来;进展
- Come along, we’re late! 快点,我们迟到了!
- along with: 和…一起(= together with)
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5. through
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词源解析: 核心是“穿透”。想象一个隧道,从一端进入,从另一端出来。
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核心含义: 穿过(一个三维空间或物体);贯穿(时间);通过(某种方式)。
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详细用法与例句:
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表示空间上的“穿过”: 从内部穿过一个立体空间。
- The train went through a long tunnel.
火车穿过了一条长长的隧道。 - We walked through the dense forest.
我们徒步穿过了茂密的森林。
- The train went through a long tunnel.
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表示时间的“贯穿始终”: 从头到尾
- It rained all through June and July.
整个六月和七月都在下雨。 - He worked through the night to finish the report.
他通宵工作以完成报告。
- It rained all through June and July.
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表示方式、媒介、原因: 通过…
- We sold the bike through the internet.
我们通过互联网卖掉了自行车。 - I got this job through a friend.
我通过一个朋友得到了这份工作。
- We sold the bike through the internet.
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表示完成或经历:
- Are you through with that book yet?
那本书你看完了吗? - She has been through a lot this year.
她今年经历了很多。
- Are you through with that book yet?
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巩固练习 (Consolidation Exercises)
请用 between, among, across, along, through 填空。
- The children were happy to find a secret path _________ the tall trees in the forest.
- I love to ride my bike _________ the quiet country lanes on weekends.
- The negotiations _________ the two companies finally reached an agreement.
- She could see her reflection in the shop window as she walked _________ the street.
- He managed to get the job _________ his excellent interview performance.
- There is a beautiful old bridge _________ the river.
- She is considered one of the best singers _________ her contemporaries.
- We drove _________ the city center without stopping.
- This secret must remain strictly _________ the three of us.
- The teacher distributed the sweets _________ all the students in the class.
答案与解析 (Answers and Explanations)
- through. 句意:孩子们很高兴在森林的高树中找到一条秘密小径。树林是三维空间,从中间穿过,所以用
through。 - along. 句意:我喜欢在周末沿着宁静的乡间小路骑自行车。
along the lanes指的是沿着小路这条线移动。 - between. 句意:两家公司之间的谈判最终达成了一项协议。
two companies是两个明确的个体,所以用between。 - along/across. 都可以,但含义略有不同。
along the street(沿着街道走) 更侧重于与街道平行的移动。across the street(穿过街道) 侧重于从一侧到另一侧。根据语境“看到橱窗里的倒影”,along更为贴切。 - through. 句意:他凭借出色的面试表现成功得到了这份工作。这里
through表示“通过…方式或手段”。 - across. 句意:河上有一座美丽的古桥。桥是“横跨”在河上的,连接两岸,用
across。 - among. 句意:她被认为是同时代人中最好的歌手之一。
contemporaries(同时代人) 是一个群体,她是其中一员,用among。 - through. 句意:我们开车径直穿过了市中心。市中心是一个区域(可以看作三维空间),从中间穿过,用
through。 - between. 句意:这个秘密必须严格地在我们三个人之间保守。虽然是三个人,但强调的是三者之间各自独立明确的关系,这是
between的一个特殊用法。用among也可以,但between更强调这种小团体内部的保密性。 - among. 句意:老师把糖果分给了班上所有的学生。
all the students是一个群体,在他们中间分配,用among。






